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20 results (View BibTeX file of all listed publications)

2008

Thumb xl learningflow
Learning Optical Flow

Sun, D., Roth, S., Lewis, J., Black, M. J.

In European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV, 5304, pages: 83-97, LNCS, (Editors: Forsyth, D. and Torr, P. and Zisserman, A.), Springer-Verlag, October 2008 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Assumptions of brightness constancy and spatial smoothness underlie most optical flow estimation methods. In contrast to standard heuristic formulations, we learn a statistical model of both brightness constancy error and the spatial properties of optical flow using image sequences with associated ground truth flow fields. The result is a complete probabilistic model of optical flow. Specifically, the ground truth enables us to model how the assumption of brightness constancy is violated in naturalistic sequences, resulting in a probabilistic model of "brightness inconstancy". We also generalize previous high-order constancy assumptions, such as gradient constancy, by modeling the constancy of responses to various linear filters in a high-order random field framework. These filters are free variables that can be learned from training data. Additionally we study the spatial structure of the optical flow and how motion boundaries are related to image intensity boundaries. Spatial smoothness is modeled using a Steerable Random Field, where spatial derivatives of the optical flow are steered by the image brightness structure. These models provide a statistical motivation for previous methods and enable the learning of all parameters from training data. All proposed models are quantitatively compared on the Middlebury flow dataset.

pdf Springerlink version [BibTex]

2008

Sun, D., Roth, S., Lewis, J., Black, M. J. Learning Optical Flow In European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV, 5304, pages: 83-97, LNCS, (Editors: Forsyth, D. and Torr, P. and Zisserman, A.), Springer-Verlag, October 2008 (inproceedings)

pdf Springerlink version [BibTex]

no image
Probabilistic Roadmap Method and Real Time Gait Changing Technique Implementation for Travel Time Optimization on a Designed Six-legged Robot

Ahmad, A., Dhang, N.

In pages: 1-5, October 2008 (inproceedings)

Abstract
This paper presents design and development of a six legged robot with a total of 12 degrees of freedom, two in each limb and then an implementation of 'obstacle and undulated terrain-based' probabilistic roadmap method for motion planning of this hexaped which is able to negotiate large undulations as obstacles. The novelty in this implementation is that, it doesnt require the complete view of the robot's configuration space at any given time during the traversal. It generates a map of the area that is in visibility range and finds the best suitable point in that field of view to make it as the next node of the algorithm. A particular category of undulations which are small enough are automatically 'run-over' as a part of the terrain and not considered as obstacles. The traversal between the nodes is optimized by taking the shortest path and the most optimum gait at that instance which the hexaped can assume. This is again a novel approach to have a real time gait changing technique to optimize the travel time. The hexaped limb can swing in the robot's X-Y plane and the lower link of the limb can move in robot's Z plane by an implementation of a four-bar mechanism. A GUI based server 'Yellow Ladybird' eventually which is the name of the hexaped, is made for real time monitoring and communicating to it the final destination co-ordinates.

link (url) [BibTex]

Thumb xl eccv08
The naked truth: Estimating body shape under clothing,

Balan, A., Black, M. J.

In European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV, 5304, pages: 15-29, LNCS, (Editors: D. Forsyth and P. Torr and A. Zisserman), Springer-Verlag, Marseilles, France, October 2008 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We propose a method to estimate the detailed 3D shape of a person from images of that person wearing clothing. The approach exploits a model of human body shapes that is learned from a database of over 2000 range scans. We show that the parameters of this shape model can be recovered independently of body pose. We further propose a generalization of the visual hull to account for the fact that observed silhouettes of clothed people do not provide a tight bound on the true 3D shape. With clothed subjects, different poses provide different constraints on the possible underlying 3D body shape. We consequently combine constraints across pose to more accurately estimate 3D body shape in the presence of occluding clothing. Finally we use the recovered 3D shape to estimate the gender of subjects and then employ gender-specific body models to refine our shape estimates. Results on a novel database of thousands of images of clothed and "naked" subjects, as well as sequences from the HumanEva dataset, suggest the method may be accurate enough for biometric shape analysis in video.

pdf pdf with higher quality images Springerlink version YouTube video on applications data slides [BibTex]

Balan, A., Black, M. J. The naked truth: Estimating body shape under clothing, In European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV, 5304, pages: 15-29, LNCS, (Editors: D. Forsyth and P. Torr and A. Zisserman), Springer-Verlag, Marseilles, France, October 2008 (inproceedings)

pdf pdf with higher quality images Springerlink version YouTube video on applications data slides [BibTex]

Thumb xl thumb screen shot 2012 10 06 at 12.23.39 pm
Dynamic time warping for binocular hand tracking and reconstruction

Romero, J., Kragic, D., Kyrki, V., Argyros, A.

In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation,ICRA, pages: 2289 -2294, May 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

Romero, J., Kragic, D., Kyrki, V., Argyros, A. Dynamic time warping for binocular hand tracking and reconstruction In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation,ICRA, pages: 2289 -2294, May 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl thumb screen shot 2012 10 06 at 12.28.24 pm
Simultaneous Visual Recognition of Manipulation Actions and Manipulated Objects

Kjellström, H., Romero, J., Martinez, D., Kragic, D.

In European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV, pages: 336-349, 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

Kjellström, H., Romero, J., Martinez, D., Kragic, D. Simultaneous Visual Recognition of Manipulation Actions and Manipulated Objects In European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV, pages: 336-349, 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

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Tuning analysis of motor cortical neurons in a person with paralysis during performance of visually instructed cursor control tasks

Kim, S., Simeral, J. D., Hochberg, L. R., Truccolo, W., Donoghue, J., Friehs, G. M., Black, M. J.

2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

Kim, S., Simeral, J. D., Hochberg, L. R., Truccolo, W., Donoghue, J., Friehs, G. M., Black, M. J. Tuning analysis of motor cortical neurons in a person with paralysis during performance of visually instructed cursor control tasks 2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

Thumb xl screen shot 2012 06 06 at 11.28.04 am
Infinite Kernel Learning

Gehler, P., Nowozin, S.

In Proceedings of NIPS 2008 Workshop on "Kernel Learning: Automatic Selection of Optimal Kernels", 2008 (inproceedings)

project page pdf [BibTex]

Gehler, P., Nowozin, S. Infinite Kernel Learning In Proceedings of NIPS 2008 Workshop on "Kernel Learning: Automatic Selection of Optimal Kernels", 2008 (inproceedings)

project page pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl thumb screen shot 2012 10 06 at 12.29.08 pm
Visual Recognition of Grasps for Human-to-Robot Mapping

Kjellström, H., Romero, J., Kragic, D.

In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS, pages: 3192-3199, 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

Kjellström, H., Romero, J., Kragic, D. Visual Recognition of Grasps for Human-to-Robot Mapping In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS, pages: 3192-3199, 2008 (inproceedings)

Pdf [BibTex]

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More than two years of intracortically-based cursor control via a neural interface system

Hochberg, L. R., Simeral, J. D., Kim, S., Stein, J., Friehs, G. M., Black, M. J., Donoghue, J. P.

2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

Hochberg, L. R., Simeral, J. D., Kim, S., Stein, J., Friehs, G. M., Black, M. J., Donoghue, J. P. More than two years of intracortically-based cursor control via a neural interface system 2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

no image
Decoding of reach and grasp from MI population spiking activity using a low-dimensional model of hand and arm posture

Yadollahpour, P., Shakhnarovich, G., Vargas-Irwin, C., Donoghue, J. P., Black, M. J.

2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

Yadollahpour, P., Shakhnarovich, G., Vargas-Irwin, C., Donoghue, J. P., Black, M. J. Decoding of reach and grasp from MI population spiking activity using a low-dimensional model of hand and arm posture 2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

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Neural activity in the motor cortex of humans with tetraplegia

Donoghue, J., Simeral, J., Black, M., Kim, S., Truccolo, W., Hochberg, L.

AREADNE Research in Encoding And Decoding of Neural Ensembles, June, Santorini, Greece, 2008 (conference)

[BibTex]

Donoghue, J., Simeral, J., Black, M., Kim, S., Truccolo, W., Hochberg, L. Neural activity in the motor cortex of humans with tetraplegia AREADNE Research in Encoding And Decoding of Neural Ensembles, June, Santorini, Greece, 2008 (conference)

[BibTex]

Thumb xl trajectory nips
Nonrigid Structure from Motion in Trajectory Space

Akhter, I., Sheikh, Y., Khan, S., Kanade, T.

In Neural Information Processing Systems, 1(2):41-48, 2008 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Existing approaches to nonrigid structure from motion assume that the instantaneous 3D shape of a deforming object is a linear combination of basis shapes, which have to be estimated anew for each video sequence. In contrast, we propose that the evolving 3D structure be described by a linear combination of basis trajectories. The principal advantage of this approach is that we do not need to estimate any basis vectors during computation. We show that generic bases over trajectories, such as the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) basis, can be used to compactly describe most real motions. This results in a significant reduction in unknowns, and corresponding stability in estimation. We report empirical performance, quantitatively using motion capture data, and qualitatively on several video sequences exhibiting nonrigid motions including piece-wise rigid motion, partially nonrigid motion (such as a facial expression), and highly nonrigid motion (such as a person dancing).

pdf project page [BibTex]

Akhter, I., Sheikh, Y., Khan, S., Kanade, T. Nonrigid Structure from Motion in Trajectory Space In Neural Information Processing Systems, 1(2):41-48, 2008 (inproceedings)

pdf project page [BibTex]

Thumb xl sigalnips
Combined discriminative and generative articulated pose and non-rigid shape estimation

Sigal, L., Balan, A., Black, M. J.

In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20, NIPS-2007, pages: 1337–1344, MIT Press, 2008 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Sigal, L., Balan, A., Black, M. J. Combined discriminative and generative articulated pose and non-rigid shape estimation In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20, NIPS-2007, pages: 1337–1344, MIT Press, 2008 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

no image
Reconstructing reach and grasp actions using neural population activity from Primary Motor Cortex

Vargas-Irwin, C. E., Yadollahpour, P., Shakhnarovich, G., Black, M. J., Donoghue, J. P.

2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

Vargas-Irwin, C. E., Yadollahpour, P., Shakhnarovich, G., Black, M. J., Donoghue, J. P. Reconstructing reach and grasp actions using neural population activity from Primary Motor Cortex 2008 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner, Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC, 2008, Online (conference)

[BibTex]

1999

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 14 um 09.07.06
Edges as outliers: Anisotropic smoothing using local image statistics

Black, M. J., Sapiro, G.

In Scale-Space Theories in Computer Vision, Second Int. Conf., Scale-Space ’99, pages: 259-270, LNCS 1682, Springer, Corfu, Greece, September 1999 (inproceedings)

Abstract
Edges are viewed as statistical outliers with respect to local image gradient magnitudes. Within local image regions we compute a robust statistical measure of the gradient variation and use this in an anisotropic diffusion framework to determine a spatially varying "edge-stopping" parameter σ. We show how to determine this parameter for two edge-stopping functions described in the literature (Perona-Malik and the Tukey biweight). Smoothing of the image is related the local texture and in regions of low texture, small gradient values may be treated as edges whereas in regions of high texture, large gradient magnitudes are necessary before an edge is preserved. Intuitively these results have similarities with human perceptual phenomena such as masking and "popout". Results are shown on a variety of standard images.

pdf [BibTex]

1999

Black, M. J., Sapiro, G. Edges as outliers: Anisotropic smoothing using local image statistics In Scale-Space Theories in Computer Vision, Second Int. Conf., Scale-Space ’99, pages: 259-270, LNCS 1682, Springer, Corfu, Greece, September 1999 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 07 um 12.35.15
Probabilistic detection and tracking of motion discontinuities

(Marr Prize, Honorable Mention)

Black, M. J., Fleet, D. J.

In Int. Conf. on Computer Vision, ICCV-99, pages: 551-558, ICCV, Corfu, Greece, September 1999 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Black, M. J., Fleet, D. J. Probabilistic detection and tracking of motion discontinuities In Int. Conf. on Computer Vision, ICCV-99, pages: 551-558, ICCV, Corfu, Greece, September 1999 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 14 um 09.12.47
Explaining optical flow events with parameterized spatio-temporal models

Black, M. J.

In IEEE Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR’99, pages: 326-332, IEEE, Fort Collins, CO, 1999 (inproceedings)

pdf video [BibTex]

Black, M. J. Explaining optical flow events with parameterized spatio-temporal models In IEEE Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR’99, pages: 326-332, IEEE, Fort Collins, CO, 1999 (inproceedings)

pdf video [BibTex]

1996

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 14 um 10.40.24
Cardboard people: A parameterized model of articulated motion

Ju, S. X., Black, M. J., Yacoob, Y.

In 2nd Int. Conf. on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, pages: 38-44, Killington, Vermont, October 1996 (inproceedings)

Abstract
We extend the work of Black and Yacoob on the tracking and recognition of human facial expressions using parameterized models of optical flow to deal with the articulated motion of human limbs. We define a "cardboard person model" in which a person's limbs are represented by a set of connected planar patches. The parameterized image motion of these patches is constrained to enforce articulated motion and is solved for directly using a robust estimation technique. The recovered motion parameters provide a rich and concise description of the activity that can be used for recognition. We propose a method for performing view-based recognition of human activities from the optical flow parameters that extends previous methods to cope with the cyclical nature of human motion. We illustrate the method with examples of tracking human legs over long image sequences.

pdf [BibTex]

1996

Ju, S. X., Black, M. J., Yacoob, Y. Cardboard people: A parameterized model of articulated motion In 2nd Int. Conf. on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, pages: 38-44, Killington, Vermont, October 1996 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 14 um 10.48.32
Skin and Bones: Multi-layer, locally affine, optical flow and regularization with transparency

(Nominated: Best paper)

Ju, S., Black, M. J., Jepson, A. D.

In IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR’96, pages: 307-314, San Francisco, CA, June 1996 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Ju, S., Black, M. J., Jepson, A. D. Skin and Bones: Multi-layer, locally affine, optical flow and regularization with transparency In IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR’96, pages: 307-314, San Francisco, CA, June 1996 (inproceedings)

pdf [BibTex]

Thumb xl bildschirmfoto 2013 01 14 um 10.52.58
EigenTracking: Robust matching and tracking of articulated objects using a view-based representation

Black, M. J., Jepson, A.

In Proc. Fourth European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV’96, pages: 329-342, LNCS 1064, Springer Verlag, Cambridge, England, April 1996 (inproceedings)

pdf video [BibTex]

Black, M. J., Jepson, A. EigenTracking: Robust matching and tracking of articulated objects using a view-based representation In Proc. Fourth European Conf. on Computer Vision, ECCV’96, pages: 329-342, LNCS 1064, Springer Verlag, Cambridge, England, April 1996 (inproceedings)

pdf video [BibTex]